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In-Distribution Steering: Balancing Control and Coherence in Language Model Generation

15 October 2025
Arthur Vogels
Benjamin Wong
Yann Choho
A. Blangero
Milan Bhan
    LLMSV
ArXiv (abs)PDFHTML
Main:8 Pages
12 Figures
Bibliography:3 Pages
3 Tables
Appendix:3 Pages
Abstract

Activation steering methods control large language model (LLM) behavior by modifying internal activations at inference time. However, most existing activation steering methods rely on a fixed steering strength, leading to either insufficient control or unadapted intervention that degrades text plausibility and coherence. We introduce In-Distribution Steering (IDS), a novel method that adapts steering strength based on the input data distribution in representation space. IDS dynamically adjusts interventions according to how far a given input lies within the distribution, enabling adaptive intervention and generation stability during text generation. Experiments demonstrate that IDS achieves strong accuracy on classification tasks while producing coherent text without collapse, making IDS particularly well suited for real-world applications.

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