Second-order AAA algorithms for structured data-driven modeling

The data-driven modeling of dynamical systems has become an essential tool for the construction of accurate computational models from real-world data. In this process, the inherent differential structures underlying the considered physical phenomena are often neglected making the reinterpretation of the learned models in a physically meaningful sense very challenging. In this work, we present three data-driven modeling approaches for the construction of dynamical systems with second-order differential structure directly from frequency domain data. Based on the second-order structured barycentric form, we extend the well-known Adaptive Antoulas-Anderson algorithm to the case of second-order systems. Depending on the available computational resources, we propose variations of the proposed method that prioritize either higher computation speed or greater modeling accuracy, and we present a theoretical analysis for the expected accuracy and performance of the proposed methods. Three numerical examples demonstrate the effectiveness of our new structured approaches in comparison to classical unstructured data-driven modeling.

@article{ackermann2025_2506.02241,
  title={ Second-order AAA algorithms for structured data-driven modeling },
  author={ Michael S. Ackermann and Ion Victor Gosea and Serkan Gugercin and Steffen W. R. Werner },
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2506.02241},
  year={ 2025 }
}