FutureSightDrive: Thinking Visually with Spatio-Temporal CoT for Autonomous Driving

Visual language models (VLMs) have attracted increasing interest in autonomous driving due to their powerful reasoning capabilities. However, existing VLMs typically utilize discrete text Chain-of-Thought (CoT) tailored to the current scenario, which essentially represents highly abstract and symbolic compression of visual information, potentially leading to spatio-temporal relationship ambiguity and fine-grained information loss. Is autonomous driving better modeled on real-world simulation and imagination than on pure symbolic logic? In this paper, we propose a spatio-temporal CoT reasoning method that enables models to think visually. First, VLM serves as a world model to generate unified image frame for predicting future world states: where perception results (e.g., lane divider and 3D detection) represent the future spatial relationships, and ordinary future frame represent the temporal evolution relationships. This spatio-temporal CoT then serves as intermediate reasoning steps, enabling the VLM to function as an inverse dynamics model for trajectory planning based on current observations and future predictions. To implement visual generation in VLMs, we propose a unified pretraining paradigm integrating visual generation and understanding, along with a progressive visual CoT enhancing autoregressive image generation. Extensive experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, advancing autonomous driving towards visual reasoning.

@article{zeng2025_2505.17685,
  title={ FutureSightDrive: Thinking Visually with Spatio-Temporal CoT for Autonomous Driving },
  author={ Shuang Zeng and Xinyuan Chang and Mengwei Xie and Xinran Liu and Yifan Bai and Zheng Pan and Mu Xu and Xing Wei },
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2505.17685},
  year={ 2025 }
}