AdaSTaR: Adaptive Data Sampling for Training Self-Taught Reasoners

Self-Taught Reasoners (STaR), synonymously known as Rejection sampling Fine-Tuning (RFT), is an integral part of the training pipeline of self-improving reasoning Language Models (LMs). The self-improving mechanism often employs random observation (data) sampling. However, this results in trained observation imbalance; inefficiently over-training on solved examples while under-training on challenging ones. In response, we introduce Adaptive STaR (AdaSTaR), a novel algorithm that rectifies this by integrating two adaptive sampling principles: (1) Adaptive Sampling for Diversity: promoting balanced training across observations, and (2) Adaptive Sampling for Curriculum: dynamically adjusting data difficulty to match the model's evolving strength. Across six benchmarks, AdaSTaR achieves best test accuracy in all instances (6/6) and reduces training FLOPs by an average of 58.6% against an extensive list of baselines. These improvements in performance and efficiency generalize to different pre-trained LMs and larger models, paving the way for more efficient and effective self-improving LMs.

@article{koh2025_2505.16322,
  title={ AdaSTaR: Adaptive Data Sampling for Training Self-Taught Reasoners },
  author={ Woosung Koh and Wonbeen Oh and Jaein Jang and MinHyung Lee and Hyeongjin Kim and Ah Yeon Kim and Joonkee Kim and Junghyun Lee and Taehyeon Kim and Se-Young Yun },
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2505.16322},
  year={ 2025 }
}