Frog Soup: Zero-Shot, In-Context, and Sample-Efficient Frogger Agents

One of the primary aspirations in reinforcement learning research is developing general-purpose agents capable of rapidly adapting to and mastering novel tasks. While RL gaming agents have mastered many Atari games, they remain slow and costly to train for each game. In this work, we demonstrate that latest reasoning LLMs with out-of-domain RL post-training can play a challenging Atari game called Frogger under a zero-shot setting. We then investigate the effect of in-context learning and the amount of reasoning effort on LLM performance. Lastly, we demonstrate a way to bootstrap traditional RL method with LLM demonstrations, which significantly improves their performance and sample efficiency. Our implementation is open sourced atthis https URL.

@article{li2025_2505.03947,
  title={ Frog Soup: Zero-Shot, In-Context, and Sample-Efficient Frogger Agents },
  author={ Xiang Li and Yiyang Hao and Doug Fulop },
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2505.03947},
  year={ 2025 }
}