AI Assisted Cervical Cancer Screening for Cytology Samples in Developing Countries

Cervical cancer remains a significant health challenge, with high incidence and mortality rates, particularly in transitioning countries. Conventional Liquid-Based Cytology(LBC) is a labor-intensive process, requires expert pathologists and is highly prone to errors, highlighting the need for more efficient screening methods. This paper introduces an innovative approach that integrates low-cost biological microscopes with our simple and efficient AI algorithms for automated whole-slide analysis. Our system uses a motorized microscope to capture cytology images, which are then processed through an AI pipeline involving image stitching, cell segmentation, and classification. We utilize the lightweight UNet-based model involving human-in-the-loop approach to train our segmentation model with minimal ROIs. CvT-based classification model, trained on the SIPaKMeD dataset, accurately categorizes five cell types. Our framework offers enhanced accuracy and efficiency in cervical cancer screening compared to various state-of-art methods, as demonstrated by different evaluation metrics.

@article{panta2025_2504.20435,
  title={ AI Assisted Cervical Cancer Screening for Cytology Samples in Developing Countries },
  author={ Love Panta and Suraj Prasai and Karishma Malla Vaidya and Shyam Shrestha and Suresh Manandhar },
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2504.20435},
  year={ 2025 }
}