Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning of Large Language Models via Deconvolution in Subspace

Large language model (LLM) is considered a milestone towards achieving Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). With its advanced emergent capabilities, it adapt to a wide range of specific applications. Fine-tuning LLMs for various downstream tasks has become a new paradigm. Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is well-known for its parameter efficiency. It can reduce the number of parameters needed to fine-tune LLMs by several orders of magnitude. However, LoRA-based approaches encounter a significant limitation due to the bottleneck imposed by rank one decomposition. As the parameters count in LLMs increase, even rank one decomposition might surpass the number of parameters truly necessary for handling more downstream tasks. In this paper, we propose a new method for Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) via deconvolution in subspace, dubbed as DCFT. We innovatively use deconvolution to complete details and enhance knowledge in subspace incremental matrices, and dynamically control parameters by adjusting the kernel size, unconstrained by rank-one decomposition. Extensive experiments are conducted to validate the effectiveness of DCFT. Results show that compared to LoRA, DCFT achieve an 8$\times$ reduction in parameters, and still achieves highly impressive performance. Our code is available here:this https URL.

@article{zhang2025_2503.01419,
  title={ Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning of Large Language Models via Deconvolution in Subspace },
  author={ Jia-Chen Zhang and Yu-Jie Xiong and Chun-Ming Xia and Dong-Hai Zhu and Xi-He Qiu },
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2503.01419},
  year={ 2025 }
}