Deep learning-based computer vision technology has grown stronger in recent years, and cross-fertilization using computer vision technology has been a popular direction in recent years. The use of computer vision technology to identify students' learning behavior in the classroom can reduce the workload of traditional teachers in supervising students in the classroom, and ensure greater accuracy and comprehensiveness. However, existing student learning behavior detection systems are unable to track and detect multiple targets precisely, and the accuracy of learning behavior recognition is not high enough to meet the existing needs for the accurate recognition of student behavior in the classroom. To solve this problem, we propose a YOLOv5s network structure based on you only look once (YOLO) algorithm to recognize and analyze students' classroom behavior in this paper. Firstly, the input images taken in the smart classroom are pre-processed. Then, the pre-processed image is fed into the designed YOLOv5 networks to extract deep features through convolutional layers, and the Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE) attention detection mechanism is applied to reduce the weight of background information in the recognition process. Finally, the extracted features are classified by the Feature Pyramid Networks (FPN) and Path Aggregation Network (PAN) structures. Multiple groups of experiments were performed to compare with traditional learning behavior recognition methods to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. When compared with YOLOv4, the proposed method is able to improve the mAP performance by 11%.
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