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Baseline Systems for the First Spoofing-Aware Speaker Verification Challenge: Score and Embedding Fusion

21 April 2022
Hye-jin Shim
Hemlata Tak
Xuechen Liu
Hee-Soo Heo
Jee-weon Jung
Joon Son Chung
Soo-Whan Chung
Ha-Jin Yu
Bong-Jin Lee
Massimiliano Todisco
Héctor Delgado
Kong Aik Lee
Md. Sahidullah
Tomi Kinnunen
Nicholas W. D. Evans
    AAML
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Abstract

Deep learning has brought impressive progress in the study of both automatic speaker verification (ASV) and spoofing countermeasures (CM). Although solutions are mutually dependent, they have typically evolved as standalone sub-systems whereby CM solutions are usually designed for a fixed ASV system. The work reported in this paper aims to gauge the improvements in reliability that can be gained from their closer integration. Results derived using the popular ASVspoof2019 dataset indicate that the equal error rate (EER) of a state-of-the-art ASV system degrades from 1.63% to 23.83% when the evaluation protocol is extended with spoofed trials.%subjected to spoofing attacks. However, even the straightforward integration of ASV and CM systems in the form of score-sum and deep neural network-based fusion strategies reduce the EER to 1.71% and 6.37%, respectively. The new Spoofing-Aware Speaker Verification (SASV) challenge has been formed to encourage greater attention to the integration of ASV and CM systems as well as to provide a means to benchmark different solutions.

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