Machine learning (ML) is finding its way into safety-critical systems (SCS). Current safety standards and practice were not designed to cope with ML techniques, and it is difficult to be confident that SCSs that contain ML components are safe. Our hypothesis was that there has been a rush to deploy ML techniques at the expense of a thorough examination as to whether the use of ML techniques introduces safety problems that we are not yet adequately able to detect and mitigate against. We thus conducted a targeted literature survey to determine the research effort that has been expended in applying ML to SCS compared with that spent on evaluating the safety of SCSs that deploy ML components. This paper presents the (surprising) results of the survey.
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