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Quantum secure non-malleable-extractors

7 September 2021
Naresh Goud Boddu
Rahul Jain
Upendra S. Kapshikar
ArXiv (abs)PDFHTML
Abstract

We construct several explicit quantum secure non-malleable-extractors. All the quantum secure non-malleable-extractors we construct are based on the constructions by Chattopadhyay, Goyal and Li [2015] and Cohen [2015]. 1) We construct the first explicit quantum secure non-malleable-extractor for (source) min-entropy k≥poly(log⁡(nϵ))k \geq \textsf{poly}\left(\log \left( \frac{n}{\epsilon} \right)\right)k≥poly(log(ϵn​)) (nnn is the length of the source and ϵ\epsilonϵ is the error parameter). Previously Aggarwal, Chung, Lin, and Vidick [2019] have shown that the inner-product based non-malleable-extractor proposed by Li [2012] is quantum secure, however it required linear (in nnn) min-entropy and seed length. Using the connection between non-malleable-extractors and privacy amplification (established first in the quantum setting by Cohen and Vidick [2017]), we get a 222-round privacy amplification protocol that is secure against active quantum adversaries with communication poly(log⁡(nϵ))\textsf{poly}\left(\log \left( \frac{n}{\epsilon} \right)\right)poly(log(ϵn​)), exponentially improving upon the linear communication required by the protocol due to [2019]. 2) We construct an explicit quantum secure 222-source non-malleable-extractor for min-entropy k≥n−nΩ(1)k \geq n- n^{\Omega(1)}k≥n−nΩ(1), with an output of size nΩ(1)n^{\Omega(1)}nΩ(1) and error 2−nΩ(1)2^{- n^{\Omega(1)}}2−nΩ(1). 3) We also study their natural extensions when the tampering of the inputs is performed ttt-times. We construct explicit quantum secure ttt-non-malleable-extractors for both seeded (t=dΩ(1)t=d^{\Omega(1)}t=dΩ(1)) as well as 222-source case (t=nΩ(1)t=n^{\Omega(1)}t=nΩ(1)).

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