We propose a novel spatially-correlative loss that is simple, efficient and yet effective for preserving scene structure consistency while supporting large appearance changes during unpaired image-to-image (I2I) translation. Previous methods attempt this by using pixel-level cycle-consistency or feature-level matching losses, but the domain-specific nature of these losses hinder translation across large domain gaps. To address this, we exploit the spatial patterns of self-similarity as a means of defining scene structure. Our spatially-correlative loss is geared towards only capturing spatial relationships within an image rather than domain appearance. We also introduce a new self-supervised learning method to explicitly learn spatially-correlative maps for each specific translation task. We show distinct improvement over baseline models in all three modes of unpaired I2I translation: single-modal, multi-modal, and even single-image translation. This new loss can easily be integrated into existing network architectures and thus allows wide applicability.
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